Wednesday, March 23, 2016

EMOTIONAL FIRST AID- An essential skill for everyone

EMOTIONAL FIRST AID
Even a little child knows that one must take ‘first-aid’ when injured. It is common knowledge that first aid consists of examining the injury, preventing it from getting worse and determining if further treatment is warranted. For several decades, people have been trained in first aid workshops. This training is provided even to ‘lay persons’. The idea is that help is made available to every person, at all times.

As against this level of care, training and know-how about physical injuries- very little is available for addressing emotional injuries. In fact majority of doctors also do not have any idea about EFA. The end result is that our world is becoming more and more vulnerable to festering and worsening of emotional hurts. Emotional first aid concept was developed in Australia. WHO has promoted emotional first aid training and implementation as one of the important methods for mental health interventions. Emotional first aid is the intervention given to a person who has suffered emotional trauma. It is given immediately after the emotional hurt and before professional help becomes available. Many times, due to effective emotional first aid, professional help becomes unnecessary.
Emotional first aid can be learnt by any intelligent, helping- natured person through a training program. The training consists of learning about working of the mind, nature of emotional trauma and effects of emotional trauma. It will teach the persons to recognise the symptoms of trauma and to determine whether emotional first aid can be administered. Then come the actual skills of emotional first aid. Participants are encouraged to practise their skills as often as possible so that they become experts.


Emotional first aid is actually designed to help persons who have suffered mental trauma. Recipients have reported feeling better upon receiving timely EFA. Not only this, the persons who underwent EFA training also benefitted. They became more conscious about mental health, mental hygiene and were able to take better care of themselves. Hence, even training in EFA helps to improve overall mental health. It is indeed a simple, effective training that all must avail off.


Thursday, January 21, 2016

TASKS OF PARENTING


Children are a promise of the future and a blessing for today
----- John Denver

They feel secure when you
1.     Strive to provide them with proper food, shelter, clothing, shelter and education
2.    Spend as much time as possible with them on a regular basis
3.    Always are gentle and considerate
4.    Address the child’s fears and equip him/ her to deal with them

They feel loved when you                      
1.     Make them a priority in your life
2.    Learn to find out their interests and likes
3.    Allow them to express themselves
4.    Always keep your promises to them

They feel respected when you
1.     Address them respectfully and politely
2.    Never hit, humiliate or abuse them
3.    Try to understand their point of view, even if you disagree with it
4.    Develop an understanding of their intelligence, temperament, talents and interests before forming expectations

They become moral and well behaved when you
1.     Give clear instructions about behaviour expected
2.    Show how to behave by behaving in the desired way yourself
3.    Encourage and appreciate them when they behave as desired
4.    Give proportionate and reasonable punishments for transgressions
5.    Discuss with them why something is important to you

They become emotionally strong when you
1.     Share your emotions and teach them to manage their own emotions
2.    Allow them to deal with adversity and frustration
3.    Encourage them to find solutions to problems and implement them
4.    Teach them to lead a healthy and balanced lifestyle


       Parenting is an opportunity, a gift, a task, a responsibility and most of all.......a great adventure........

Monday, September 14, 2015

स्मृती- विस्मृति

विचित्र सवयींचे आजार

HELPING A HYPERKINETIC CHILD TO STUDY

Getting a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder to study is a challenge in the home and school.

I am copying down some points mentioned in Dr Malvika Kapur's book, which will give parents an idea about how go about organising their studies.

चंचल बच्चों की पढाई का नियोजन करते समय निम्नलिखित मुद्दों का ध्यान रखें. ये मुद्दे घर और पाठशाला दोनों जगहों के लिए हैं. ये मुद्दे डॉ मालविका कपूर, बेंगलोर, इनकी किताबसे है.


1. Reduce distractions in study area ( Study area should be in a quiet place, no TV/ Music/ mobile phones to be allowed), clear the study table and remove distracting posters and displays 
पढ़ने के स्थान पर ऐसी कोई वस्तु नहीं होनी चाहिए जिससे बच्चे का ध्यान बटेगा. उदहारण के तौर पर- मैज पे राखी चीजे, दीवारों पर चित्र, या कमरे में टी व्ही, सेल फोन, इत्यादि का होना.
२.       

2. Structure the task- breal down the study in logical small bits- so it is possible to proceed in a step by step way
पढाई के छोटी खंड बनाये ताकि बच्चा एक- एक कदम पढाई कर पाए

3. Set short term goals. Means give one bit of the task (Write one answer/ do 2 sums, etc)
 पढाई का एक- एक खंड बच्चे को समाप्त करने दे, उसके बाद आगे बढे

4. Break long assignments into small parts so the child can see an end to the work
 बच्चे को पढाई के नियोजन के बारे में बताये ताकि वोह समझ सके की पढाई कब ख़त्म होगी

5. Seat the child near a good role model or 'study buddy' 
बच्चे को अच्छे छात्र के बगल में बिठाये ताकि वह उसका अनुकरण कर सके


6. Use some physical contact with the child, such as hand on the shoulder, or directing arm and hand movements
स्पर्श द्वारा बच्चे को प्रोत्साहित करे- जैसे की सर पे या पीठ पे हाथ रखने, उसका हाथ पुस्तक की ओर बढ़ाना, इत्यादि

7. Avoid teaching at frustration level. Teach at a level that the child can cope with, and at a level that is mildly challenging to the child
बच्चे की क्षमता के मुताबिक ही उसे सिखाये. पाठ न बहुत कठिन ना बहुत आसान होना चाहिए.

8. Be sure the child understands what is being taught
ये निश्चित करे की जो पाठ पढ़ा रहे है, वह बच्चा समझ रहा है

9. teach only when the child is motivated and ready to work and not when child is tired, irritable or wishes to do something else
बच्चा जब पढाई की ओर अभिप्रेरित हो और उसका दिमाग ताज़ा हो, तभी उसकी पढाई ले. जब बच्चा थका हुवा, चिडचिडा हो तब उसकी पढाई न कराये.

10. Shorten the study period to coincide with the attention span of the child.  A timer can be used to measure
उसी इतनी ही पढाई की अपेक्षा करे, जितना की उसका ध्यान रहे. ये समय जानने के लिए घडी का इस्तेमाल कर सकते है.

11. Instruct the child in self- monitoring
बच्चे को अपने- आप पर ध्यान रखना सिखाये

12. Pair written instructions with oral instructions
बच्चे को लिख कर और बताकर पढाई समझाये.

13. Cue child to stay on tasks- means give him signal to return to task when you see his attention wandering
जब भी बच्चे का ध्यान घुमंते हुए नजर आये तो उसे किसी संकेत से ध्यान फिर से पढाई की ओर लाने की आदत डाले 

14. provide ‘seat breaks’, that is, running errands, cleaning blackboard, collect the books, etc
थोड़ी पढाई के बाद रुकने की अनुमति देना, और कोई और छोटे काम जैसे किताबे रखना, फलक साफ़ करना ऐसे काम बताना.

15. allow the child to stand at times while working. This also means to ignore bit fidgetiness, back not straight, little bit of facial movements
अगर बच्चा पढ़ते समय थोडा बहुत खड़ा हो जाये, या मुह बनाये तो उसकी ओर नजरंदाज करना चाहिए

16. use multi sensory teaching approach with specialized teaching materials
विशिष्ठ उपकरानोसे और सीखनेके मध्यमोसे बच्चे को बहु-संवेदिक रूप से सिखाने की कोशिश करें

17. make special effort to keep up their interest and motivation with adequate and immediate reinforcements as they tend to get bored easily
 चंचल बच्चे पढाई से जल्दी ऊब जाते है, उनकी दिलचस्पी बनाये रखने के लिए खास प्रयास करना चाहिए. जैसे की- अछे काम की तुरंत प्रशंसा करना

18. give frequent clear feedback about child’s performance (good, keep it up)
बच्चे के काम के बारे में उसे प्रतिपुष्टि दे, और वह अछे शब्दों में दे

19. be firm, do not allow the child to escape a task that you know he is capable of performing
कभी- कभी बच्चा पढाई करने से मुकर जाता है- उस समय दृढ़ता से उसको डेट रहने की सलाह दे ताकी थोड़ी चुनैतिवाला काम भी करने की उसे आदत पड़ेगी

20. be consistent. Do not alternate between giving in to the child and being form about completing a goal
हर बार एक ही तरह का व्यहार करे. कभी बहुत दयालु कभी बहुत ज्यादा सकती, इस तरह से पढाई न ले.

21. ignore minor impulsive behavior
थोडे- बहुत आवेगशील बर्ताव को नजरंदाज करे

22. use time- out for misbehavior
यदि अभद्र व्यवहार करे तो कुछ मिनिटों के लिए उसे कोने में खड़ा करे.

23. acknowledge positive behavior
अछे बर्ताव की प्रशंसा करे

24. help child organize his daily routine
आपने दैनिक काम- काजोंका नियोजन करना उसे सिखाये

25. look for signs of stress build-up and provide encouragement or reduce work load to alleviate pressure and avoid temper outbursts
यदि बच्चा तना हुआ नजर आये तो उसको थोडा आसान काम दे वरना बच्चा बेचैन हो सकता है और उत्तेजित भी हो सकता है.